Both "besmirch" and "defame" involve harming someone's reputation. They are verbs used to describe actions that tarnish or negatively impact another's good name or character.
While "besmirch" can refer to soiling or staining both literally and figuratively, often implying a sullied reputation through dirt or smudging, "defame" specifically relates to making false statements that damage someone's reputation. "Defame" carries a legal connotation of slander or libel, whereas "besmirch" is more general.
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